The Art And Result Of Communication Essay Example For Students

The Art And Result Of Communication Essay Communication is a two-way process or dialogue that involves the sender relaying a message, through a communication medium or channel, to the receiver of the message. Two parties are attempting to share meanings and relate to them in the same manner; in this way communication will be successful. The end result of communication is that it must bring out a response and change behavior. The most important factor is for the sender to communicate his/her ideas clearly and for the receiver to listen with understanding. We communicate every day with almost everyone around us. Messages can be sent to others by two ways of communicating, verbally and non verbally. Most of the verbal communication is from one individual to another. This is true in a family, social, or a work setting. One-on-one verbal communication affords the greatest opportunity for precise communication, because immediate feedback from the receiver can tell whether the message has been understood accurately. However, communicating effectively involves more than just accuracy. The purpose of most communication is to influence the attitudes and behaviors of those whom we address. We will write a custom essay on The Art And Result Of Communication specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Since the human race is composed of billions of individuals, each with a different way of responding, no one approach is universally effective. It is therefore important to learn to express ones self accurately and in a way that will accomplish the purpose toward the individual being addressed. (Lewis Slade 2000) The importance of non verbal communication is obvious in the fact that it is used in the majority of human communication. The fact that non verbal communication is more important than any other form of communication is due to the emotional information it conveys, which is otherwise usually controlled or concealed. Thus, human beings base their feelings and emotional responses not so much on what another person says, but upon what another person does. In fact, it is estimated that the impact of non verbal communication on a messages meaning can be as high as 93%. Both types of communication are important when a group is working together. There are three things needed to make a group: a common goal, at least three people, and influences by and influence to others. When we all work together in order to achieve a desirable goal, we exhibit interdependence. The goal is unattainable without the cooperation of group members, so we depend on each other for success. Success is not defined individually but in terms of the group. Cooperative goals can be reinforced by an interdependent division of labor and resources within a group. Groups will probably outperform individuals when certain conditions exist (Forsyth, 1990; Pavitt Curtis, 1994). When the task requires a wide range and variety of information and skills, groups tend to be superior to any individual. One group study found that the group scored significantly higher than its highest scoring member (Stasson Bradshaw, 1995). This was achieved by pooling knowledge; when the highest-scoring member didnt know the answer to a question, another member typically knew the answer to that specific question. Thus, the group benefitted because members had overlapping knowledge. Besides pooling knowledge, another reason groups outperform individuals when the task is comprehensive is the group remembering phenomenon or collective recall of information. Also, groups outperform individuals when both the group and any individual compared are without expertise on the task. None of us are as smart as all of us (Johnson Johnson, 1987). This is when synergy is used. Synergy happens when the joint action of the group members produces performance that exceeds the expectations based on perceived abilities of skills of individual members. There can also be a negative synergy; which happens when the joint action of group members produces a worse result than expected based on perceived individuals abilities of skills of members. .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .postImageUrl , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:hover , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:visited , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:active { border:0!important; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:active , .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496 .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uec7642d5e573ce7a3710883a63e30496:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Swimming History EssayGroup size has a very large effect on the results a group produces. When the group size is increased: complexity, factionalism, information distortion, quality decision making, difficulties achieving a consensus are all increased. When group size is decreased the following increase: participation in group discussions, pressure to conform, member satisfaction, access to information, the flow of negative information to the top, and speed of decision making. All decision making groups have both a task dimension and a social dimension. The task dimension is the work performed by the group. The social dimension is the relationships that form between members in the group and their impact on the whole. In a corporation, if the boss is only concerned with the task dimension and ignores the social dimension of his workers it creates a problem. Too much attention to productivity can diminish cohesiveness by producing stress and conflict. Productivity is the result of the efficient and effective accomplishment of a group task. Cohesiveness is the degree to which members feel a part of the group and are committed to each other. A group will establish rules or standards called norms. Norms define appropriate behavior in specified situations. They stipulate what a person must do (obligation), ought to do (preference), or must not do (prohibition) in order to achieve certain goals. (Smith, 1982) There are two types of norms, explicit and implicit. Explicit norms are rules that are written down. They are clearly understood by each member of the group. Implicit norms are implied rules. They are rules we already know without having to talk about them or explain them. The main purpose of norms is to achieve group goals. The norming process takes place almost immediately after groups are formed. Members cast out trying to determine what behavior will be acceptable and what will be unacceptable. There are three principle sources of norms in small groups: some norms are from systems outside the small group, the influence of a single member, and the group itself. Each group member has a different role. A group role is the pattern of behavior expected of a group member. There are two types of roles, formal and informal. A formal role is a position assigned by an organization or is specially designated by the group leader. An informal role emerges from the groups transactions and it emphasizes functions not positions. A group members role is usually decided when the group is initially formed. What may have began as a casual or unnoticed pattern my quickly develop into an expectation. Norms and roles from the basic structure of a group. The relative importance, prestige, or power held by a particular role is its role status. Structure is the systematic interrelation of all parts of the whole. Structure provides form and shape for a group. Norms designate appropriate behavior for all group members while roles stipulate how particular group members should behave. A norm for a group might be that every member works hard on all tasks. Roles, however, specify different task behaviors for a manager and a worker (Johns Sline, 2005). The effects of roles on perceptions can be seen in a dramatic way by doing a role reversal, which is stepping into a role distinctly different from or opposite of a role we usually play. The effects of roles can be seen in another way. When we find ourselves playing roles in different groups that contradict each other, we experience role conflict. Some group members take the role of being a social loafer. Social loafing can suck the energy from a group. Social loafing is the tendency of individual group members to reduce their work effort as groups increase in size. Social loafing has been observed in groups working on a variety of tasks, among both males and females, people of all ages, and in many different cultures (Forsyth, 1999). Social loafing is more common in an individualist culture such as the United States than it is in collectivists cultures such as Taiwan, Singapore, China, and other Asian countries. Several steps can be taken to address the problem of social loafing. .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .postImageUrl , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:hover , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:visited , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:active { border:0!important; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:active , .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4f6cb8870a93bf6926407e779ae56ece:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ray Bradburys Outlook Of The F EssayEstablish a group responsibility norm; emphasize individual responsibility. Note the critical importance of each members effort; tell all members that their individual effort is special. Hold members accountable; provide each member with a specific task. Talk to the individual privately; the first three steps attempt to prevent loafing. This step calls for a leader to approach the loafer. Confront the loafer as a group. Consult a higher power; consult a supervisor, teacher, or someone with greater authority than the group members. Boot out the loafers; this is the last resort. While working in groups we form relationships. The dictionary defines relationship as the mode in which two or more things stand to one another. This may be true but physical and economical relationships doesnt tell us much that is useful about interpersonal communication. Interpersonal relationships involve the way people deal with one another socially. Why do we form relationships? Sometimes we establish personal relationships because we find others attractive in one way or another. Some reasons why we are attracted to others are: appearance (appearance is especially important in the early stages of a relationship), similarity and complementarity (we like people who are similar to us), reciprocal attraction (we like people who like us), competence (we like to be around talented people), disclosure (we develop relationships by revealing important information about ourselves) and proximity (we are likely to develop relationships with people we interact with frequently). Emotion plays a large part in the way we communicate and what we communicate about. When a person has strong emotions, many bodily changes occur. For example, the physical components of fear include an increased heart rate, a rise in blood pressure, an increase in adrenalin secretions, an elevated blood sugar level, a slowing of digestion, and a dilation of pupils. Emotions are like colors: some are simple, whereas others are blends. Robert Plutchiks emotion wheel illustrates the difference. For example, jealousy can be viewed as a combination of several different emotions: distress, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, and even shame. Likewise, loneliness can include feelings of anger toward self and others, estrangement, and depression. Plutchik has identified eight primary emotions, which are listed inside the wheel. He suggests that these primary emotions can combine to form mixed emotions, some of which are listed outside the wheel ( Johns Sline, 2005). For communication to have meaning it must have a life. It must transcend you and me and become us. . . . In a small way we then grow out of our old selves and become something new. -Hugh Prather.

Interview Project Proposal Essay Example

Interview Project Proposal Essay Example Interview Project Proposal Essay Interview Project Proposal Essay Class: CJ100: Eight Skills of the Effective CJ Student Unit: 4 Souces:http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Security_guard Souces: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Police_officer | Interview Project Proposal| | Police officer| Interview Project Proposal Police officer 1 Name: Vince Ventrone Job: police officer at the Jacksonville sheriff office (for 20years) 2 Name: Steven Mungan Job: swc officer (also a police officer) The reason I choose these people is it has the only people that come close to what I going to do. It was the only people I could find. I called the police stations and no one would call me back. Everyone I talk to said there not allowed to talking about their jobs because they were scared to lose jobs. Due to all the budgets cuts. In Jacksonville Florida they are laying off like crazy. There are no jobs. I had a really hard time finding anyone. Lucky we have a security guard that works in are commit. The second one is him he was really nice and he is going to let me interview him. The first choice is someone my grandpa knows and he is a police officer. I will not be allowed to ask anything about the job layoffs or budgets cuts. But I can ask him about his personal relation to his job. security guard: is a person who is paid to protect property, assets, or people. Security guards are usually privately and formally employed personnel. Often, security officers are uniformed and act to protect property by maintaining a high visibility presence to deter illegal and inappropriate actions, observing (either directly, through patrols, or by watching alarm systems or video cameras) for signs of crime, fire or disorder; then taking action and reporting any incidents to their client and emergency services as appropriate. Police officer: Responsibilities of a police officer are varied, and may differ greatly from within one political context to another. Typical duties relate to keeping the peace, law enforcement, protection of persons and property, and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Rules and guidelines dictate how an officer should behave within the community, and in many contexts restrictions are placed on what the uniformed officer wears. In some countries, rules and procedures dictate that a police officer is obliged to intervene in a criminal incident, even if they are off-duty. Questions I am going to ask. 1What were the Reasons for Choosing the Career? 2How many years have you been in the criminal justice field? 3What kind of Education and Training have you had? If any what Licensing and Certification do you have? 4What do you think is the best way to handling crime in our area? 5Have you ever been in a very life threading situation? Explain. 6what is the worst thing you have ever been through as an officer? 7Any memorable experiences you have had as a police officer? 8 Do they plan on being a Police officer the rest of your life? 9 What do you think of the stereotypes in regards to Police officers? 10 In your eyes what is wrong with the criminal justice system today? 11 how do you think we could fix it? 12 What would you have done if you hadnt of became a police officer? 13 What is a typical day like a police officer? 4 do your line of work cause tension in your home life? If so Explain 15 What do you like most and least about your job? 16 How often, if at all, are you required to attend training session? 17 How dangerous is your work? 18 What is the most recent skill you have learned that related to your job? 19 What are top 3 skills for Police officer? 20 Tell me about your last position and what you did? 21 what would you tell your kids if they want to be a police officer like you what would you tell them? Wh y? 2 Where would you like to be in 3 years? 5 years? 23 How to does your position task/function? 24 what motivated you to do your best as a police officer? 25 what is your greatest weakness? 26 do you consider yourself successful? Why? 27 if you had enough money to retire right now would you? Why? 28 what is more important to you money or helping people? Why? 29 have you learned from mistakes on the job? Details 30 do you prefer to work independently or on a team? Why? 31 how would you describe your work style?

Haier Strategy Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Haier Strategy Analysis - Research Paper Example The company approaches the corporate-level strategy by establishing subsidiaries in different locations. Presently, the company has subsidiaries in 13 countries with eight being design centers and ten information centers. Analysis of Haier’s strategies using the BCG matrix indicates that, the developed regions falls under â€Å"stars† as seen in their high proceeds and market share. An example of a developed country that fits such a description is the US whose rewards would be a â€Å"cash cow† if the market share were kept. Cows are the developing countries, for example, Kenya that has a high market share based on the technologically perceptive persons; however, the income is low meaning that Haier has to reduce investments. Dogs are the emerging economies where the need for electrical items is still low especially in regions where distribution is hindered by distance and distribution costs. Haier is yet to access such markets as seen in war torn regions such as Sudan and Afghanistan. Question marks in the strategy are regions with high growth and reduced market share. Indeed, Haier accesses such markets through its extended subsidiaries as evident in Philippines; however, such markets are unviable meaning that it would be appropriate to sell the commodities and close shop. Based on Porter’s analysis, Haier’s strength include a huge market, reputation of the brand and innovation. Internal weaknesses are notable in ineffective marketing and advertising, the human management ineffectiveness, lack of core technology and inadequate competition in the high-end market. External threats include economic downturn, growing competition and strong rivals, increasing prices and the constantly changing customer needs. External opportunities for the company include a global economic integration, potential for increased domestic sales and the development of green products. Analysis of Key success factor for Haier (what is essential for Haie r in order to be successful) There are different factors that Haier should consider in ensuring success as a major firm in the market (Kynge, 1999). Some of the customer concerns regarding electronics are some of the success factors necessary to Haier. Quality should be one of the considerations for Haier as it designs its products. An electronics customer needs their acquired items to be long lasting, serve the purpose successfully and efficiently. Haier in the local content has been known for having quality products, but in the global concept, it faces well-established companies associated with a certain standard of quality. The first step necessary for Haier is promoting a standard, which the market expects from it. Issuing guarantees and service clinics could be one of the methods of setting up the platform for enhancing consumer quality. Budget is another concern for customers on a global scale. Most shoppers of electronics consider products within a given price range (Darwar & Frost, 1999). Some of the companies in the sector have succeeded due to the implementation of low and competitive prices based on the market. Functionality is a huge factor to consider in a competitive market. Today’s customer usually shops while considering the benefits. By meeting the preliminary function and introducing several other functions at a price that is lesser than the fee of a device, the organization can capture the market (Gupta &

Weekly ass. #11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Weekly ass. #11 - Essay Example Charts are also help especially when they is competition involved, a presenter who uses charts looks better than other presents who do not use charts (Peltier, Parà ¡ 1). Charts may also be beneficial to the presenter since they may hide the fact that the presenter may not know much of the topic he is talking about. In a management meeting there are several types of charts that may be used. Among them is using a pie chart. There is so much that is discussed in meetings which a pie chart can simplify and make it easy for the people attending the meeting to understand. A pie chart may have a legend which is used to show the various aspects that are to be discussed in the meeting. Different colors may be used in labeling the components to be discussed as well as the legend. Usage of different colors in the legend ensures that there is minimal confusion to the recipients on the information. If incase the gradients of the charts are similar when using a 3D pie chart, you can eliminate the legend and data labels within the pie chart (Peltier, Parà ¡ 3). Further improvement may be made by changing the pie graph to a column so as to have distinction in the

Concepts of Beauty in Art

Concepts of Beauty in Art John Keats Beauty and Truth In his famous apostrophe to the Grecian Urn, the immortal poet, John Keats, wrote: Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou sayst, beauty is truth, truth beauty, that is all ye know on earth, and all ye need to know. This very famous statement on Beauty and Truth and their interchangeability poses a very important question in the postmodern era. Art and its convention of the Beauty/Beautiful has imperceptibly changed over the decades, from something that should reflect the Ideal (and in reality, twice removed from it, as per Plato), or in essence complete and offering pleasure to the senses to something, that expresses the unique consciousness/angst of the creator. Art has thus rediscovered its definition for beauty. If beauty is truth, then it may dare to be grotesque too, for truth may be harsh or horrific. Beauty does not suggest something beautiful in the actual sense of the term, but that, which comes closer to the true expressions of the self and the vision of a generations psyche, that is fragmented, kitsch-like, complex and beyond the metanarratives of a suffocating conformity. Beauty has evolved into a freedom for expression. Contemporary art, especially questions the paradigms of aesthetic values, with artists like Chapman Brothers or Justin Novak producing artwork that are clearly meant to provoke reactions and challenge notions of beauty, that had its roots in Kants Critique of Judgment (1790). It contemplated on the pure aesthetic experience of art consisting of a disinterested observer, pleasing for its own sake and beyond any utility or morality. Now, the very word pleasing may have different boundaries and contemporary art is trying to escalate their claims. If Marcel Duchamp made a fountain out of a urinal in 1917, that hurtled the Dadaist movement and that later amplified into a surrealist tendency looking into primitive art for their subconscious inspiration, to reveal the mental process, then the essential motivation behind the whole thing was subversion. If primitivism was motivating a new dimension by which beauty of the mind was revealed, then Picasso completely subjectified art and personal experience into a fourth dimension and created a cubist movement to claim a break down of a canon that no longer held on to techniques, symbols and least of all universal criteria for judging anything. There are many socio-ideological forces behind the same and the destructive World Wars had many reasons to question the notions behind the traditional idea of Beauty, and it addressed the subjective, transcendental and alienated psyche of modern man. Metaphysical hopelessness gave absurdity to beauty, while the meaninglessness of this Being, made beauty seem more akin to grotesque, either by derision or by the light of their tragic truth. What makes the question more intriguing is that, whether contemporary art has found a better form of beauty (constructed to please and create a certain discursive paradigm) in the grotesque, since it frees us from any moral and political/ideological constraints? Can it be linked to greater dimensions of teleological magnitude, or should it be treated as an alternative method of understanding true aesthetic, if not the complete aspect of aesthetic itself? Is grotesque possible without the knowledge of Beauty itself? I shall attempt to answer the following questions that I raised, with a few examples. One must first understand the idea behind perception and the dialogical force that surrounds it. If the world is raised as an illusion in ones mind then the mind has been symbolically trained to read it as a language. This matrix of complex spontaneity is paradigmatically and syntagmatically (Roman Jakobson, 1987) being challenged, when Grotesque plays the part of Beauty. The Dystopia arises out of a shattered archetype that must restructure itself to include elements of the grotesque within the beauty, and reach towards the same aesthetic experience: the sublime. But interestingly what produces sublime is shock. But one must not confuse this with the cathartic experience of the Tragic pity and terror, but something quite opposite to an ideal communicative situation that all such art produces. Thus this element of mimesis and/or representation of the ideal have given way to an infinite subjectivity (Hegel, Lectures on Fine Art, given in the 1820s), or the abyss of the human mind and condition. But the self is interpellated as per Lacan and later Althusser too estimated the impossibility of a single position from where one can judge, since the self was preconditioned with a lot of logocentricism (Derrida), which are again socio-culturally specific as per Barthes. Thus there is a complete inquiry into art through the artists personality or self (or selves). Justin Novaks disfigurine often conforming to the bourgeoisie values, distort them to such an ironic extent that one cannot miss the counter realism that it offers. Often it serves to offer no alternative reality, but just launches one amidst a grotesque re-examination of old values and with its attendant disillusionment. Once there is a silent barrier between class and gender is dismantled, the escape is into nothingness the sublime height of vast unending solutions and this underscores the definite presence and the horrors of undying conformism. If truth is beauty, then Novaks artworks reveal the finer sides of it by shattering the comfortable and compartmentalized thought processes with which one can objectify art from a safe distance. The grotesque closeness of these truths gives beauty to the mind by releasing it from the shackles of confinement and overpowering illusions. Truth is not universal, but a power to accept the inextricable complexity of human behaviour, mind and his /her social, cultural and historical environment. Is Grotesque a rebellion? Or is it an inextricable element of beauty? Disfigurines 2006, by Justin Novak Grayson Perrys ceramic works portray this polemic by making them superficially beautiful (as beauty has been notoriously claimed to have been) and underneath it remains the darker motives of an artist who tries to wrest with disturbing truths (or shall one call them home truths, with a larger social back drop to them). His works like Coming Out Dress 2000, Weve Found the Body of your Child 2000 or the Boring Cool People 1999 (reminds one of Eliots famous lines from The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock In the room the women come and go, Talking of Michaelangelo). Not only does he deal with issues like cross-dressing, child abuse and social sterility (spiritually hollow cool fashionistas), but also he plays with this abnormal interrelation between beauty and grotesque. He raises questions about taste and the sublime. In short he subverts the notion of beauty with beauty that is skin deep! Reality is a diabolical faade and Perry questions whether hegemony denotes or connotes the medium o f taste in art. Transvestite to transgression, the Chapman Brothers question the inevitability or orthodox value of the canon. This reflects in their works, defacement and torture figures create the complete picture of Beauty. They usher in a new experiment with taste, bad taste and the notions of good taste. Art moves into the realms of public or mass low category, which becomes an essential democratic medium for evoking or carrying forward a provocation to rouse the sense of that horrifying answerless void. With the Chapman brothers there is a sadist tone attached to their insult or reiteration of Goyas influence especially in the irrecreation of his Disasters of War, which inflict bold horror. But the grandeur of that horror is reduced to a trivial and yet a sardonic sensationtaste comes off them. They twist the sensation of violence into an aestheticground and arouse a variety of physical and mental demands for perceiving Beauty amidst such a squandering grotesqueness. Beauty here lies in the re lease from holding back appreciation, awe and complete shock. Violence does not stand-alone and nor does any other human emotion. Sex, 2003 is thus desire, decay, diabolical, deliberate, freedom or defeat. Purity is not that far fromits pornographic mockery of it and they are interrelated in their apparent verisimilitude. A true representation of kitsch art, their works like Zygotic Acceleration, roused shock as they attempted to portray the sexualisation of children due to the media and increased gender awareness. These treatments nevertheless push questions about morality that grotesque beauty actually challenges. Thus morality and beauty in its aesthetic straight forwardedness seem to flatten out newer boundaries of experiences, which the Chapman brothers challenge through their craftsmanship. Traditional Sculpture, especially in the hands of the Chapman Brothers and Justin Novak or Grayson Perry are objects of anti-canonical parody, grotesque imitations or thought-provoking reverse-discourses. All these postmodern artists are challenging aesthetic experience. All these artworks succumb to one the power of the grotesque that sublimates beauty with its truth, and they make us realize that truth is not about a fixed standard, but accepting the actual absence of it. What makes contemporary art more beastly in its beauty is the power to derive happiness (or sado-masochist satisfaction) out of this grotesqueness. The grotesque shocks but this is a pleasure in itself, because it is the very representation of the consciousness. Theatre and artwork met with experimentalism in the stage by Artaud, who made audience a spectator to cruelty that is harsh, exceptionally brutal and yet beautiful. By shattering estrangement and by creating something that allows no objectivity (in the lik es of Kant or Brecht) Artaud demands a complete involvement of the senses. Moreover, this is where art threatens to change the soul of the perceiver by its dominating beauty, which horrifies the perceiver with its verity and unique angst. Wittgensteins concept of seeing-as, allows contemporary art to shun master narratives completely and standout on their own purely as visual sensations. From British Avant-Garde art that confuses common and the uncommon (like use of mannequin by Chapman Brothers or genitals replaced by the faces in their remake of Goyas Disasters of Wars series). Grotesquerie is about questioning the status quo, about unflinching self-criticism and about embracing outsiders. From Simon Carroll deconstructing the chronology of ceramic vases with his pastiches like Thrown Square Pot2005, engages the observers mind with complex questions that he poses through the irregular construction of his surfaces. Thrown Square Pot  2005, Simon Carroll. The artists seem to dwell on the apparent hyperreality of contemporary situation, where art has become a vastly reproduced object fractured beyond identity. Formlessness becomes the beauty without symmetry and deliberate cruelty an aesthetic grotesqueness. Thus the gap between what is apparent and what may actually exists gives the artists ample space to bridge this defined categories with crushing forces of expressions that though grotesque to the shocked senses is ultimately beautiful by virtue of its truth. Works Cited Eliot, T. S The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. Eliot, Thomas Stearns. Prufrock and Other Observations. London: The Egoist, Ltd, 1917; Bartleby.com, 1996. www.bartleby.com/198/. [30.01.2007]. ON-LINE ED.: Published May 1996 by Bartleby.com; Copyright Bartleby.com, Inc. (Terms of Use). Hegel, Lectures on Fine Art, (edited by Hotho) Aesthetics: Lectures on Fine Art, Vol. 1.translated by T. M. Knox, 1973. Poetical Works. London: Macmillan, 1884; Bartleby.com, 1999 Jakobson, Roman. Language in Literature. Ed. Krystyna Pomorska and Stephen Rudy. Cambridge, MA: Belknap, 1987. See influential essay Linguistics and Poetics by Roman Jakobson, in their collection Language in Literature (1987).

Starbucks Value Proposition

The Starbucks Value Proposition Starbucks’ brand strategy was centred on its ‘Live Coffee’ mantra. Starbucks created an experience around the consumption of coffee. The three main components to this branding strategy were: [pic] Channels of Distribution Starbucks had stores in North America in high-traffic, high visibility settings such as retail centres, office buildings and colleges.Product mixes varied according to the store’s size and location. The retail product mix in North-American Company operated stores is given in the following diagram. [pic] Starbucks sold coffee through non-company-operated retail channels too which were called ‘Speciality Stores’ and accounted for 15% of its revenues, out of which the various sources contributing to the speciality store revenues is as given in the following diagram. [pic]Realizing that many customers (almost 40%) had tried Starbucks earlier before entering their company owned stores; they focussed on these speciality stores to establish relationships with the customers and establishing their brand amongst them. Starbucks Partners The employees at Starbucks are referred to as Partners. The number of employees was 60,000 worldwide, out of which 50,000 were in North America. Hourly-waged employees at Starbucks are called Baristas. Employee satisfaction is the point of concern at the firm.They are provided with health insurance and stock options. The company encouraged people promotion and thus the higher manager ranks were occupied by employees who had been working at the company since a long time. This encouraged the partners to work for a longer duration and work well in the firm. Employee turnover rate at Starbucks was just 70% compared with industry average of 300%. And the employee satisfaction level was 80%-90%. ‘Manager Stability’ was the key to these favourable results and it also helped in serving the customer in a much better way.

Benito Mussolini’s Doctrine of Fascism

DOCTRINE OF FASCISM Benito Mussolini outlines several essential characteristics of his preferred political ideology, Fascism, in what has become known as the Doctrine of Fascism. In this paper, Mussolini outlines his vision of the ideology, and explains the major issues that Fascism will address once it becomes the leading political system in Italy. Mussolini’s major points as outlined in the Doctrine included an extreme emphasis on nationalism, organization and modernization of the state, persistent focus on religion, life as a struggle, and the notion that individuals exist only for the improvement of society as a whole.Wolfgang Schieder, after reviewing the Doctrine of Fascism, explains Mussolini’s success based on it and clarifies what exactly Adolf Hitler adopted from the Italian Fascist ideology to incorporated into his own Third Reich. One of the fundamental tenants in Mussolini Doctrine of Fascism is the strong sense of nationalism, which we wants the Italian pe ople to embrace. As a result, he calls for a unification of all Italians over his Fascist regime. Mussolini truly thought that the Italian nation was preordained for greatness, and that the only way to fulfil this destiny was through extreme social cooperation under Fascism.To that end, Mussolini advocated a mass modernization of the Italian state, centralization of government and creation of a state in â€Å"spirit, not territory. † Mussolini wanted Italy to leave its mark on history through the fascist system, so his Doctrine emphasised cultural contributions such as art and philosophy. Mussolini believed that a nation’s power was derived from its people, who had to be â€Å"numerous, hard working, and well regulated† in order to succeed. A further crucial element of Mussolini’s Doctrine was that he constantly stresses the role of the state and government in a Fascist state.As opposed to other political systems such as socialism, the state in a fascist society does not act as a mere â€Å"watchdog† or â€Å"night watchman,† simply protecting its citizens and facilitating material gains. Rather, the state according to Mussolini is the spiritual, moral and political apex of each human being. Its duties are to give a â€Å"concrete form to the political, juridical and economical organisation of the country† though a series of practical actions. Mussolini sees the state as an actual physical manifestation of all positive aspects of the human spirit, and furthermore acting as an â€Å"immanent conscience of the nation. Moreover, The Doctrine of Fascism goes on to explain that through the state, human beings are transformed from primitive tribal beings to glorious emperors, gaining level of power that would be impossible to achieve as an individual or small group. Finally, Mussolini establishes that the only way for one to immortalize themselves, and be remembered within a nation was through beneficial contribution s to the state. One particular notion within the Doctrine that seems peculiar at first glance is the importance that Mussolini places on religion, specifically the Catholic Church.For such a modern and practical-based system, it seems rather surprising that Mussolini not only tolerates religion, but respects and facilitates its progression. Mussolini’s official reasoning for this is that similar to the state, religion is effectively a â€Å"manifestation of the spirit,† and so the Catholic Church and Mussolini’s fascism share this commonality. In actuality, the real reason Mussolini was so tolerant of the church likely goes far beyond that. Wolfgang Schieder, whose ideas will be developed further on, explains that Mussolini required the Church’s support in order to gain the unwavering support of the Italian people.Mussolini was considered the first national socialist to repair the damaged link between the state and church, and was rewarded for it with ful l support of the Pope and Catholic Church. Mussolini was a man obsessed with the notion of empire, and this is reflected in his Doctrine. The concept of force and discipline was stressed not simply in military conquest, but every aspect of life for the average Italian. War is inevitable, as it is simply the manifestation of the strength and vigour of the Italian people that wishes to expand itself, never looking back.Peace was considered as merely a â€Å"mask to surrender and cowardice. † Mussolini stressed that Italians required â€Å"forces, duty, and sacrifice† in order to rise again to their former greatness, that of the Roman Empire. This is also Mussolini’s rationale for harsh and severe actions against any who would resist or try and undermine fascism. Finally, there remains perhaps the most basic and yet most profound idea present in the entire doctrine; being the notion that life is a struggle. The entire doctrine constantly discusses this concept, and in fact Mussolini uses it to justify the entire doctrine.Mussolini states that, â€Å"fascism wants a man to be active and absorbed in action with all his energies,† a desire which he considers synonymous with fascism’s own desire to be constantly progressing. Italians were not only encouraged to frequently be taking action, but it was considered their â€Å"duty to conquer out of life what was really worthy to them. † Mussolini is essentially stating that he believes that a virtuous Italian should be constantly struggling with his life, never becoming complacent and always fighting to better himself.Fascism, being an extension of the human spirit, naturally mirrored these qualities. Wolfgang Schieder, analyzes Mussolini’s political success and what he the extent to which Mussolini facilitated Hitler’s rise to power in Germany. According to Schieder it largely because of what he calls the ‘Philo-Fascist climate’which was present in Ge rmany during the early 1930’s. During this era Germany’s economy was in ruin largely die to war reparations, and the nation as a whole was not in very good shape.The German peoples experiment with democracy through the Weimar Republic was in many ways viewed as a failure, and people were looking to alternative models of governments. Fascism was being presented as a viable alternative to a ‘discredited Parliamentary system’ What is important to note is that Schieder thinks that the pro-Fascist atmosphere of Germany at the time was largely because of Mussolini himself. Mussolini was a very charismatic figure, and he was especially adept at handling the media in Germany.He often surprised them by speaking German, and by the end of any interaction with the German press Mussolini left them in awe of himself as a person and of the Fascist system, which he had implemented. In the early 1930’s according to Schieder there was no other form of dictatorship in the world that was as widely accepted as Fascism was. This created an environment is which Hitler stood to profit from pro-Fascist sentiment, the more he moulded his political strategy in that direction. According to Schieder there were two developments, which enabled Hitler’s acceptance by the German elites.Firstly, the Great Depression had opened the discussion about implementing a ‘new economic order’, and in this face of rising left-wing economics happening during this time made such a development even more necessary. Moreover, the German elites at first didn’t appreciate Hitler for what he truly was, and in many ways they underestimated him. In a time of economic chaos, the ‘Italian Experiment’ was viewed as a success, and its implementation in Germany was being justified under the context that ‘Hitler was not Mussolini’, and that if he became chancellor he would easily be manipulated by the German elites.Mussolini paved the way for Hitler because there was a tremendous amount of admiration for Mussolini within Germany, and the more Hitler aligned himself with Mussolini, the more he stood to benefit from this in a highly fragmented society. The manner in which Germany embraced Fascism can be best represented by two people at the time: Emil Ludwig and Theodore Wolff. The two men were high advocate of democracy in Germany, who shifted their support to Mussolini and his Fascist Doctrine.They did so out of the necessity to temporarily establish temporarily establish an authoritarian regime rooted in Fascism to offer Germany a political way out of their precarious situation. Although German understanding of Fascism can be characterized by ‘selective readings’, it was nonetheless the perfect political system for Germany given their historical circumstances. Given Fascism highly nationalistic nature, it was ideal for a nation like Germany that was still rebuilding from World War 1.Moreover, the G erman elites saw Fascism as a better political alternative to democracy, or even worse, socialism as was being pursued elsewhere in the world. As this paper has tried to illustrate, the correlations between fascism as it developed in Germany and Italy are not merely coincidental dictatorships, but there is much more to the story. After all, Hitler did view Mussolini has his political mentor. BIBILIOGRAPHY 1. Schieder, Wolfgang. Third Reich Between Vision and Reality. Oxford: Berg Publisher, 2003. eBook. 2. Mussolini, Benito. The Doctrine of Facism . Rome: Ardita Publishers , 1935. Print.